Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Expression of the Cancer-Associated lncRNA Snhg15 Is Modulated by EphrinA5-Induced Signaling

doi: 10.3390/ijms22031332

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of Eph receptors and illustration of ephrinA5-Fc binding sites in CB and DAOY cells. ( a , b ) CB cells were tested for binding of recombinant control-Fc ( a ) and recombinant ephrinA5-Fc ( b ), both clustered with an Alexa488 conjugated anti-human IgG antibody (green, second panel). CB cells were additionally stained using DAPI (blue, first panel) and an antibody directed against ß3-tubulin (red, third panel). The overlay of all channels is depicted in the fourth panel. ( c , d ) DAOY cells were treated with control-Fc ( c ) or recombinant ephrinA5-Fc ( d ), both clustered with an Alexa488 conjugated anti-human IgG (green, second panel). In addition to DAPI nucleus staining (blue, first panel), brightfield is depicted (third panel) as well as the overlay of all channels (fourth panel). ( e ) Quantitative real time PCR analysis of expression of EphA and EphB receptors depicted as fold enrichment relative to the reference genes Rps29 and RPS18 ( n = 8 for CB cells and n = 12 for DAOY cells. N = 4 biological replicates). Scale bar: 50 µm.

Article Snippet: Very similar results were found when stimulating DAOY cells (ATCC ® HTB-186TM), representing human cerebellar medulloblastoma cells, with ephrinA5-Fc using the same protocol ( c,d).

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay, Recombinant, Control, Staining, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Expression of the Cancer-Associated lncRNA Snhg15 Is Modulated by EphrinA5-Induced Signaling

doi: 10.3390/ijms22031332

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of Snhg15 expression and potential triplex target DNA sites (TTS) of Snhg15 in genes found differentially expressed upon ephrinA5-Fc stimulation. ( a ) Relative normalized expression (RNE) of Snhg15 in CB cells after ephrinA5-Fc stimulation compared to control-Fc treated CB cells. Expression data and adjusted p -value obtained from RNA sequencing of nuclear enriched RNA of CB cells. Sequencing was performed as n = 3 biological replicates per condition. ( b ) Quantitative real time PCR analysis of expression of SNHG15 in DAOY cells treated with control-Fc or ephrinA5-Fc. Data are depicted as relative normalized expression (RNE) of ΔΔCt calculation ( n = 12 per condition, N = 4 biological replicates). ( c , d ) One significant functional DBD (DNA-binding domain) was identified for Snhg15 , ranging from nucleotides (nt) 1896-1925 ( p = 0.0274). This site reveals significant predicted binding to the promoter regions of 19 genes that were found significantly up-regulated among ephrinA5-Fc stimulation in CB cells. ( e ) Functional profiling analysis of the 19 putative Snhg15 target genes (g.Profiler; https://biit.cs.ut.ee/gprofiler/gost ) revealed significant enrichment of extracellular matrix and NOTCH signaling-related genes. ( f ) Table collecting the promoter regions and names of genes identified as putative triplex target DNA sites (TTS) of Snhg15. Two-tailed Student’s t -test, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Very similar results were found when stimulating DAOY cells (ATCC ® HTB-186TM), representing human cerebellar medulloblastoma cells, with ephrinA5-Fc using the same protocol ( c,d).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, RNA Sequencing, Sequencing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Functional Assay, Binding Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Piezoelectric ultrasound energy–harvesting device for deep brain stimulation and analgesia applications

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0159

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic diagram of the Sm-PUEH device designed for DBS and analgesia. DI, deionized. ( B ) Attenuation of US after penetrating through the brain as a function of distance with different frequencies (0.5 and 1 MHz). ( C ) Exploded view of Sm-PUEH device, consisting of soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), stretchable copper electrodes, Sm-PMN-PT, rectifier diodes, and stimulating electrodes (from side to center). ( D ) The stretchable electrical connection for the device. ( E ) The flexible device in a bent state. ( F ) Side view of the flexible device with bending angle greater than 30°. ( G ) Optical image of the obtained device held with fingers. The inset shows that the device is smaller than a coin of ¥0.5 (20.5 mm in diameter).

Article Snippet: The stimulating and recording electrodes (a diameter of 0.01 inch with a very small impedance of 0.01 ohm, Plastics One Inc.) were inserted into the PAG brain area of the rat with ~1.5 mm of distance.

Techniques:

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Piezoelectric ultrasound energy–harvesting device for deep brain stimulation and analgesia applications

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0159

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic diagram of experimental testing of the device in pork tissue. ( B ) The output voltage of the device in pork with a thickness of 30 mm driven by the pulse US of different intensities (I) and the output characteristics of the device covered with 1-mm-thick skin by applying different US incident angles (II). ( C ) Schematic diagram of the strategy for applying US: (I) No US, no US is applied; (II) US 3 s, 1-MHz US [US-400 c/p, pulse repetition frequency ( PRF ) = 50 Hz, 0.65 MPa] irradiating for 3 s; (III) US 5 min, 1 MHz US (US-400 c/p, PRF = 50 Hz, 0.65 MPa) irradiating for 5 min with an interval (on 3 s and off 3 s). ( D ) The device’s temperature change in the air and the tissue. ( E ) The comparison of temperature change for the three groups. NS, not significant. ( F ) Schematic diagram of electrolysis experiment of Sm-PUEH device. ( G ) Maximum stimulation duration for Sm-PUEH device in monophasic operation determined by time of electrolysis on an electrode in normal saline, as evidenced by gas bubbles ( n = 4).

Article Snippet: The stimulating and recording electrodes (a diameter of 0.01 inch with a very small impedance of 0.01 ohm, Plastics One Inc.) were inserted into the PAG brain area of the rat with ~1.5 mm of distance.

Techniques: Comparison, Electrolysis, Saline

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Piezoelectric ultrasound energy–harvesting device for deep brain stimulation and analgesia applications

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0159

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic diagram of in vivo experimental design of DBS using Sm-PUEH device implanted in rats, where the stimulation electrode is placed in the PAG brain area (7 mm posterior to the bregma, 0.5 mm lateral to the midline, 5.5 mm deep), and the recording electrode is near the stimulation electrode. ( B ) Voltage and current measurement in the brain tissue. ( C ) In vivo recorded local field potential (LFP) signal (stimulus artifacts cropped for clarity) under a 1-MHz US (US-400 c/p, PRF = 50 Hz, 0.65 MPa) without implanted device (US & no device), and with implanted device (US & device). ( D ) In vivo recorded PAG activities by Sm-PUEH device stimulation with PRF of 25 Hz (left) and 100 Hz (right) (stimulus artifacts cropped for clarity). Insets (indicated by stars) show the zoom-in of individual LFP.

Article Snippet: The stimulating and recording electrodes (a diameter of 0.01 inch with a very small impedance of 0.01 ohm, Plastics One Inc.) were inserted into the PAG brain area of the rat with ~1.5 mm of distance.

Techniques: In Vivo

Journal: Seminars in Hearing

Article Title: Guidelines for Best Practice in the Audiological Management of Adults with Severe and Profound Hearing Loss

doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1714744

Figure Lengend Snippet: Useful Tools for Frequency Compression and Transposition

Article Snippet: Stimuli for verification of frequency lowering using Audioscan probe-microphone systems , https://www.dslio.com/?page_id=166 .

Techniques: